{"id":118,"date":"2008-08-04T09:26:29","date_gmt":"2008-08-04T09:26:29","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2008-08-04T09:26:29","modified_gmt":"2008-08-04T09:26:29","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/archives\/118.html","title":{"rendered":"\u300e\u8f6c\u8f7d\u300fLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong>\u5317\u5357\u5357\u5317<br \/>\n<strong>\u8d5e\u52a9\uff1a<\/strong> eTony\uff0cpandonny\uff0c\u61d2\u732b\uff0c Arch<br \/>\n<strong>\u6765\u81ea\uff1a<\/strong>LinuxSir.Org<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/strong> \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u80dc\u4efb\u8005\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u5e76\u4e14\u8fbe\u5230\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u64c5\uff0c\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002 \u9664\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u907f\u514d\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237root\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4e34\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237root\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6781\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4 su \u548csudo \u505a\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f8b\u89e3\u8bf4\uff1b\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u4e3a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u5e26\u6765\u65b9\u4fbf\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\"><strong><br \/>\n\u76ee\u5f55\u7d22\u5f15<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#1\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u5bf9\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul><a href=\"#1.1\">1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n    <a href=\"#1.2\">2\u3001\u7406\u89e3 UID \u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb<\/a><br \/>\n    <a href=\"#1.3\">3\u3001\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4f2a\u88c5\u7528\u6237<\/a> <\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"#2\"><strong>\u4e8c. \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff08\u6743\u9650\uff09\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul><a href=\"#2.1\">1\u3001\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n        <a href=\"#2.2\">2\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n        <a href=\"#2.3\">3\u3001\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\uff1b<\/a> <\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"#3\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 su \u547d\u4ee4\u4e34\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul><a href=\"#3.1\">1\u3001su \u7684\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u5a01\u529b\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n            <a href=\"#3.2\">2\u3001su \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n            <a href=\"#3.3\">3\u3001su \u7684\u8303\u4f8b\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n            <a href=\"#3.4\">4\u3001su \u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/a> <\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"#4\"><strong>\u56db\u3001sudo \u6388\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684su\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684su<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<ul><a href=\"#4.1\">1. sudo \u7684\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#4.2\">2\u3001\u4ece\u7f16\u5199 sudo \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sudoers\u5f00\u59cb\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#4.3\">3\u3001\/etc\/sudoers \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u522b\u540d\u89c4\u5219<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#4.4\">4\u3001\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\u7684\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#4.5\">5\u3001\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u672a\u5c3d\u4e8b\u9879\uff1b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#4.6\">6\u3001sudo\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b<\/a> <\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"#5\"><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u540e\u8bb0\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#6\"><strong>\u516d\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#7\"><strong>\u4e03\u3001\u81f4\u8c22\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#8\"><strong>\u516b\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"#9\"><strong>\u4e5d\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u6863\uff1b<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#0000ff\"><strong><br \/>\n                +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<br \/>\n                \u6b63\u6587<br \/>\n                +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0croot\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u3002\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u90fd\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8bb8\u53ef\u5176\u5b83\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9root\u9664\u5916\u3002root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7279\u6743\u6027\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u5728root\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u6765\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff08\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff09\uff1b\u5bf9\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3001\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1b\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u79fb\u9664\u7b49\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff08\u56e0\u4e3aroot\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6743\u9650\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7528\u6237\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"1\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u4e00\u3001\u5bf9\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"1.1\"><strong><br \/>\n                1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><br \/>\n                \u5728\u6240\u6709Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7UID\u6765\u533a\u5206\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u800cUID\u4e3a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e3a\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u6ee1\u56ed\u5185\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/etc\/passwd \u6765\u67e5\u5f97UID\u4e3a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u662froot\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709root\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684UID\u4e3a0\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6743\u9650\u3002root\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"2\" id=\"1.2\"><strong><br \/>\n                2\u3001\u7406\u89e3 UID \u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u548cUID \u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2aUID \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7UID \u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/98\">\u300a\u7528\u6237\uff08user\uff09\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3\u300b<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684UID \u7684\u89e3\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6709\u8c08\u5230&ldquo;UID \u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u5904\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u901a\u8fc7UID \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1b\u628a\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aUID \u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684UID \u6539\u4e3a0\uff0c\u548croot\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u4e2aUID \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u7528root\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7su\u6216sudo\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b\u5207\u4e0d\u53ef\u968f\u610f\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u548croot\u5206\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aUID \uff1b&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9UID \u548c\u7528\u6237\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2aUID\u4e3a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5171\u540c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fUID \u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u786e\u6709\u70b9\u5371\u9669\uff1b\u76f8\u540cUID\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u628abeinan\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684UID\u6539\u4e3a0\u540e\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6743\u9650\u548croot\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u7528\u6237beinan\u6240\u6709\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3aroot\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3abeinan\u7684UID\u4e3a0,\u800cUID\u4e3a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u662froot \uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u6270\u53e3\uff1f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3aUID\u4e3a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u662froot \uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u7684UID\u5c31\u662f0\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>UID\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb \uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u8981\u575a\u5b88\u7684\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed9root\u8fd9\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7528\u6237\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u628aUID\u76840\u503c\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u62e5\u6709UID=0\u7684\u8bdd\uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7528\u6237\uff1b<br \/>\n                <font size=\"3\" id=\"1.3\"><strong><br \/>\n                3\u3001\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4f2a\u88c5\u7528\u6237<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><br \/>\n                \u4e0e\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u865a\u62df\uff08\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4f2a\u88c5\u7528\u6237\uff09\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u548c\u4f2a\u88c5\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4f2a\u88c5\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1bLinux\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bd4Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684Windows 2003 \uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u62b9\u53bb\u5176\u5355\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u70d9\u5370\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"2\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u4e8c. \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff08\u6743\u9650\uff09\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7528\u6237\uff08UID\u4e3a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u8d77\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><br \/>\n                <font size=\"3\" id=\"2.1\"><strong><br \/>\n                1\u3001\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#ff0000\">\u4f46\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u9ad8\u8bb8\u53ef\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684root\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b<\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\/proc \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\/proc \u662f\u7528\u6765\u53cd\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4fbf\u662froot\u4e5f\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\uff1b\u5b83\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;pwd &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/root &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;cd&nbsp;\/ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;\/]#&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-ld&nbsp;&nbsp;\/proc\/ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>dr-xr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;134&nbsp;root&nbsp;root&nbsp;0&nbsp;2005-10-27&nbsp;&nbsp;\/proc\/&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650\u7684\uff1b\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u628a\/proc \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5199\u6743\u9650\u6253\u5f00\u7ed9root\uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;755&nbsp;\/proc&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;\/]#&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-ld&nbsp;&nbsp;\/proc\/ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;134&nbsp;root&nbsp;root&nbsp;0&nbsp;2005-10-27&nbsp;&nbsp;\/proc\/ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;\/]#&nbsp;cd&nbsp;\/proc\/ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;proc]#&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;testdir &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>mkdir:&nbsp;\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55&lsquo;testdir&rsquo;:&nbsp;\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><u>&nbsp;\/proc \u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5root\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\uff09\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684&ldquo;\u4f2a\u76ee\u5f55&rdquo;\u3002<\/u><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"2.2\"><strong><br \/>\n                2\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u786c\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u7b49&#8230;&#8230;\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u60a8\u65e0\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u7528adduser\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"2.3\"><strong><br \/>\n                3\u3001\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\uff1b\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5e38\u89c4\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981root\u7528\u6237\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0croot\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u7528\uff1b\u6bd4\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8db3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u542c\u542c\u97f3\u4e50\uff1b\u7528gimp \u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u7247\u7b49&#8230;&#8230; \u57fa\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u666e\u901a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7528\u6237\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u3002\u800c\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5root\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u4ece\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7su\u548csudo \u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"3\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 su \u547d\u4ee4\u4e34\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"3.1\"><strong><br \/>\n                1\u3001su \u7684\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u5a01\u529b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><br \/>\n                su\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237beinan\u767b\u5f55\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6267\u884cuseradd \uff0cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u6070\u6070\u7531root\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u9000\u51fabeinan\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u4ee5root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u9000\u51fabeinan\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528su\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u9000\u51faroot\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u7136\u901a\u8fc7su \u5207\u6362\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7su\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7528\u6237root\u5411\u666e\u901a\u6216\u865a\u62df\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6743\u529b\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\uff01\u800c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"3.2\"><strong><br \/>\n                2\u3001su \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>su&nbsp;[OPTION\u9009\u9879\u53c2\u6570]&nbsp;[\u7528\u6237] &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;-,&nbsp;-l,&nbsp;&#8211;login&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u6539\u53d8\u5230\u6240\u5207\u6362\u7684\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;-c,&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">&#8211;commmand<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">COMMAND<\/span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u6240\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u770bman su \uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"3.3\"><strong><br \/>\n                3\u3001su \u7684\u8303\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>su \u5728\u4e0d\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u65f6\u867d\u7136\u662f\u5207\u6362\u4e3aroot\u7528\u6237\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8root\u767b\u5f55\u73af\u5883\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\/etc\/passwd \u4e2d\u67e5\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cSHELL\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password: &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;beinan]#&nbsp;pwd &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/home\/beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>su \u52a0\u53c2\u6570 &#8211; \uff0c\u8868\u793a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6539\u53d8\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;pwd &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/home\/beinan &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su&nbsp;&#8211; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password: &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;pwd &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/root&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>su \u53c2\u6570 &#8211; \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u548csu&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password: &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;pwd &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/root&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;linuxsir&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u5207\u6362\u5230&nbsp;linuxsir\u7528\u6237 &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[linuxsir@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;pwd&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5904\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/home\/linuxsir &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[linuxsir@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;id&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u7684UID\u548cGID\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5207\u6362\u8fc7\u6765\u4e86\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span class=\"attribute\">uid<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">505<\/span><span>(linuxsir)&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">gid<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">502<\/span><span>(linuxsir)&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">groups<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">0<\/span><span>(root),500(beinan),502(linuxsir) &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[linuxsir@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;-c&nbsp;ls&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u662fsu\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6539\u53d8\u5230root\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5217\u51faroot\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9000\u51faroot\u7528\u6237\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165root\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>anaconda-ks.cfg&nbsp;&nbsp;Desktop&nbsp;&nbsp;install.log&nbsp;&nbsp;install.log.syslog&nbsp;&nbsp;testgroup&nbsp;&nbsp;testgroupbeinan&nbsp;&nbsp;testgrouproot &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;pwd&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5904\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>\/home\/beinan &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;id&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span class=\"attribute\">uid<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">500<\/span><span>(beinan)&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">gid<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">500<\/span><span>(beinan)&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">groups<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">500<\/span><span>(beinan)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"3.4\"><strong><br \/>\n                4\u3001su\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>su \u7684\u786e\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5e26\u6765\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u628aroot\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7su\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u56e0\u7d20\uff1b\u6bd4\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u670910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u505a\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8ba9\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7su\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684root\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628aroot\u6743\u9650\u5bc6\u7801\u90fd\u544a\u8bc9\u8fd910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fd910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709root\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7root\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5c31\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5a01\u534f\uff1b\u60f3\u60f3Windows\u5427\uff0c\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u6076\u68a6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4eba&rdquo;\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u80fd\u6309\u6b63\u5e38\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4eba\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u6570\u636e\u635f\u5931\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5su \u5de5\u5177\u5728\u591a\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0csu\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adfsu\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237root\u5bc6\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u7528\u6237\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u771f\u7406\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u96c6\u6743\u800c\u6cbb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9053\u7406\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"4\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u56db\u3001sudo \u6388\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684su\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684su<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"4.1\"><strong><br \/>\n                1. sudo \u7684\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b<u><br \/>\n                <\/u>                 <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><u>\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\uff09sudo\u6709\u4e2a\u5783\u573e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u3002\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237kxlzx\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u6267\u884csudo service &times;&times;&times;\uff0c\u63d0\u793aservice\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u662froot\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u731c\u60f3\u7684\uff1asudo\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d8\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\/sbin\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230service\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fsudo \/sbin\/service****\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fexport PATH=$PATH&quot;:\/sbin&quot;<\/u><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8esu \u5bf9\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7528\u6237root\u540e\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5su\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u62c5\u4efb\u591a\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6240\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528su \u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u660e\u786e\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u591a\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7279\u957f\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u4e0b\u653e\u7ed9\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ea6\u5b9a\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7528\u5230 sudo\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7sudo\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u628a\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u4e0b\u653e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u77e5\u9053root\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5sudo \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6743\u9650\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684su\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5sudo \u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684su \uff1b\u53e6\u5916sudo \u662f\u9700\u8981\u6388\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6388\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684su\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>sudo \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230root\uff08\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5root\uff08\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u56de\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8981\u901a\u8fc7sudo\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sudoers\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6388\u6743\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"4.2\"><strong><br \/>\n                2\u3001\u4ece\u7f16\u5199 sudo \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sudoers\u5f00\u59cb\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>sudo\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\/etc\/sudoers \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u7f16\u8f91\u5de5\u5177visodu \uff0c\u6b64\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u592a\u51c6\u786e\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5207\u6362\u5230\u60a8\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7sudo -l \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u6216\u7981\u6b62\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/sudoers \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6bcf\u884c\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5e26\u6709#\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f5c\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u5217\u4e0d\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\\\u53f7\u6765\u7eed\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/sudoers \u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1b\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"4.3\"><strong><br \/>\n                3\u3001\/etc\/sudoers \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u522b\u540d\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u522b\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Alias_Type&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">NAME<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">item1<\/span><span>,&nbsp;item2,&nbsp;&#8230;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6216<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Alias_Type&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">NAME<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">item1<\/span><span>,&nbsp;item2,&nbsp;item3&nbsp;:&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">NAME<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">item4<\/span><span>,&nbsp;item5&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Alias_Type\uff09\uff1a\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Host_Alias<\/strong> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong>User_Alias<\/strong> \u7528\u6237\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u522b\u540d\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08\u524d\u9762\u8981\u52a0%\u53f7\uff09<br \/>\n                <strong>Runas_Alias<\/strong> \u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49runas\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u662f&ldquo;\u76ee\u7684\u7528\u6237&rdquo;\uff0c\u5373sudo \u5141\u8bb8\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong>Cmnd_Alias<\/strong> \u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong>NAME<\/strong> \u5c31\u662f\u522b\u540d\u4e86\uff0cNMAE\u7684\u547d\u540d\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982SYNADM\u3001SYN_ADM\u6216SYNAD0\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0csYNAMDA\u62161SYNAD\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong>item <\/strong>\u6309\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd1\u6210\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u4e0b\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u4e0e\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u534a\u89d2,\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff1b\u6210\u5458\u5728\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5e76\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7w\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u6216ip\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53ea\u662f\u672c\u5730\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u901a\u8fc7hostname \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/paswd\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u9700\u8981\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>item\u6210\u5458\u53d7\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b Host_Alias\u3001User_Alias\u3001Runas_Alias\u3001Cmnd_Alias \u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u76f8\u914d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528Host_Alias\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff09\u3001ip\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5355\u4e2a\u6216\u6574\u6bb5\uff09\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u7b49\uff1b\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7w\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u673a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u7528User_Alias\u548cRunas_Alias\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u505a\u4e3a\u6210\u5458\uff1b\u7528Cmnd_Alias \u5b9a\u4e49\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u522b\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eCmnd_Alias\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d Runas_Alias \u548cUser_Alias \u6709\u70b9\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0eUser_Alias \u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cRunas_Alias \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5sudo \u5207\u6362\u8eab\u4efd\u5230Runas_Alias \u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u8bf4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u522b\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u6bcf\u884c\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u884c\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\\\u6765\u7eed\u884c\uff1b\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\u522b\u540d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u51e0\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528:\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">HT01<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">localhost<\/span><span>,st05,st04,10,0,0,4,255.255.255.0,192.168.1.0\/24&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540dHT01\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7=\u53f7\u5217\u51fa\u6210\u5458 &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">HT02<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">st09<\/span><span>,st10&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540dHT02\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">HT01<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">localhost<\/span><span>,st05,st04,10,0,0,4,255.255.255.0,192.168.1.0\/<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">24:HT02<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">st09<\/span><span>,st10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6761\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u522b\u540d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528:\u53f7\u5206\u5272\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7Host_Alias \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5355\u4e2aip\uff08\u6574\u6bb5ip\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u5f97\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbf\u95ee\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002\u90a3\u4ec0\u4e48\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982 ping \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u7f6e\/etc\/hosts\uff0c\/etc\/resolv.conf \uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6709DNS\u505a\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7hostname \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7w\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u6765\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6765\u6e90\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u5176\u5b83\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6216ip\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u6709\u70b9\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u660e\u767dHost_Alias \u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7ALL\u6765\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u628a\u4e3b\u673a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f04\u7684\u66f4\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u7684\u786e\u9700\u8981\u591a\u591a\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SYSAD<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">beinan<\/span><span>,linuxsir,bnnnb,lanhaitun&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u4e0b\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\uff1b\u8981\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">NETAD<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">beinan<\/span><span>,bnnb&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u522b\u540dNETAD&nbsp;\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53d6\u4e86NETAD\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">WEBMASTER<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">linuxsir<\/span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u522b\u540dWEBMASTER\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SYSAD<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">beinan<\/span><span>,linuxsir,bnnnb,<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">lanhaitun:NETAD<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">beinan<\/span><span>,<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">bnnb:WEBMASTER<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">linuxsir<\/span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0a\u9762\u4e09\u884c\u7684\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b26\u5408\uff1f&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">USERMAG<\/span><span>=\/usr\/sbin\/adduser,\/usr\/sbin\/userdel,\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;[A-Za-z]*,\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">DISKMAG<\/span><span>=\/sbin\/fdisk,\/sbin\/parted &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">NETMAG<\/span><span>=\/sbin\/ifconfig,\/etc\/init.d\/network &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">KILL<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/kill &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">PWMAG<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/sbin\/reboot,\/usr\/sbin\/halt&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SHELLS<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/sh,&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/csh,&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/ksh,&nbsp;\\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\/usr\/local\/bin\/tcsh,&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/rsh,&nbsp;&nbsp;\\ &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\/usr\/local\/bin\/zsh &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\u6709\u70b9\u957f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7&nbsp;\\&nbsp;\u53f7\u65ad\u884c\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SU<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/su,\/bin,\/sbin,\/usr\/sbin,\/usr\/bin&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709KILL\u548cPWMAG\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u6765\u5199\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">KILL<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">kill:PWMAG<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;\/usr\/sbin\/reboot,\/usr\/sbin\/halt&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86KILL\u548cPWMAG\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u628aKILL\u548cPWMAG\u7684\u522b\u540d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5408\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u5199\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code><br \/>\n                <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">shell<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">OP<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">root<\/span><span>,&nbsp;operator&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">DBADM<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">mysql<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">:OP<\/span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">root<\/span><span>,&nbsp;operator&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u884c\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u884c\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u884c\uff1b\u81f3\u4e8e\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3Runas_Alias&nbsp;\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u7406\u89e3\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<font size=\"3\" id=\"4.4\"><strong><br \/>\n                4\u3001\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\u7684\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u5230\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u522b\u540d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6388\u6743\u5f15\u7528\u522b\u540d\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0b\u653e\u6743\u9650\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u5b9a\u4e49\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5\u76f4\u63a5\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u522b\u540d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u7ae0\u53ef\u5bfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8bf4\u57fa\u7840\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u5199\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u770bman sudoers<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e3b\u673a=\u547d\u4ee4\u52a8\u4f5c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u5b9a\u5207\u6362\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8981\u7528( )\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u52a0NOPASSWD:\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\uff1b\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\/etc\/sudoers \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8868\u793abeinan \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u6267\u884c \/bin\/chown \u548c\/bin\/chmod \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7sudo -l \u6765\u67e5\u770bbeinan \u5728\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u548c\u7981\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u6307\u5b9a\u5207\u6362\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\/bin\/shown \u548c\/bin\/chmod\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u5728\u7701\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981beinan\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237 \u4e3b\u673a=[(\u5207\u6362\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4)] [\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1] \u547d\u4ee41,[(\u5207\u6362\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4)] [\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1] [\u547d\u4ee42],[(\u5207\u6362\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4)] [\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1] [\u547d\u4ee43]&#8230;&#8230;<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51e1\u662f[ ]\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\uff1b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528,\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7167\u7740\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u7701\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u9700\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff1b<br \/>\n                \u5728[(\u5207\u6362\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4)] \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3aroot\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u662fALL \uff0c\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u6ce8\u610f\u8981\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u7528()\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982(ALL)\u3001(beinan)<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=(root)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\/bin\/chown,&nbsp;\/bin\/chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u884c\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u6362\u6210\u8fd9\u884c\uff1b\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662fbeinan \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u6267\u884c \/bin\/chown \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u62db\u6267\u884c\/bin\/chmod \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7sudo -l \u6765\u67e5\u770bbeinan \u5728\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u548c\u7981\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e09\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=(root)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NOPASSWD:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6362\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5462\uff1f\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662fbeinan \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u6267\u884c \/bin\/chown \uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165beinan\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\/bin\/chmod \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u6267\u884cchmod\u65f6\u9700\u8981beinan\u8f93\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7sudo -l \u6765\u67e5\u770bbeinan \u5728\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u548c\u7981\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7279\u52a0\u6307\u51fa\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u5728\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u5165NOPASSWD: \u53c2\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u592a\u61c2\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4ed6\u5bf9 sudoers\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u52a1\u529b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u56db\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u7528beinan\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7more \/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;more&nbsp;\/etc\/shadow &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>\/etc\/shadow:&nbsp;\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528sudo more \/etc\/shadow \u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5c31\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\/etc\/soduers\u4e2d\u7ed9beinan\u6388\u6743\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148su \u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7visudo \u6765\u6539\/etc\/sudoers \uff1b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4ee5beinan\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;su &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165root\u5bc6\u7801&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<p>                \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd0\u884cvisodu\uff1b<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;beinan]#&nbsp;visudo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd0\u884cvisudo&nbsp;\u6765\u6539&nbsp;\/etc\/sudoers&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1b\u9000\u51fa\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u4f1a\u7528vi\uff0cvisudo\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u7684vi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff1b\u81f3\u4e8evi\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\uff1b<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>beinan ALL=\/bin\/more&nbsp; \u8868\u793abeinan\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u6267\u884cmore \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b<\/code><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9000\u56de\u5230beinan\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528exit\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[root@localhost&nbsp;beinan]#&nbsp;exit &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>exit &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bbeinan\u7684\u901a\u8fc7sudo\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;-l &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165beinan\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801 &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>User&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;may&nbsp;run&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;commands&nbsp;on&nbsp;this&nbsp;host:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u672c\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\uff0cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884cmore&nbsp;\uff1b\u5728root\u6743\u9650\u4e0b\u7684more&nbsp;\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/bin\/more&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u662f\u4e0d\u662fbeinan\u7528\u6237\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u770b\u5230\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;more&nbsp;\/etc\/shadow&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>beinan \u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u770b\u5230 \/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u53ea\u6709root\u6743\u9650\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;more&nbsp;\/etc\/gshadow&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8ebeinan\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u60f3\u628a\/etc\/shadow \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4ed6\u67e5\u770b\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/bin\/more&nbsp;&nbsp;\/etc\/shadow&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9898\u5916\u8bdd\uff1a\u6709\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u8fc7su \u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u770b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5bf9\u554a\u3002\u4f46\u54b1\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0sudo\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6388\u6743\u4e86\uff1b\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fsudo\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e94\uff1a\u7ec3\u4e60\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5728\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\u5199\u6cd5\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><br \/>\n                \u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\/etc\/sudoers \u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u8981\u52a0%\u53f7\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982%beinan \uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>%beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/usr\/sbin\/*,\/sbin\/*&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728 \/etc\/sudoers \u4e2d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5982\u4e0a\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u8868\u793abeinan\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c \/usr\/sbin\u548c\/sbin\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u516d\uff1a\u7ec3\u4e60\u53d6\u6d88\u67d0\u7c7b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53d6\u6d88\u7a0b\u5e8f\u67d0\u7c7b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u52a8\u4f5c\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a!\u53f7\uff1b \u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7684*\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/usr\/sbin\/*,\/sbin\/*,!\/usr\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u628a\u8fd9\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u52a0\u5165\u5230\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\uff1b\u4f46\u60a8\u5f97\u6709beinan\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14beinan\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u624d\u884c\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u89c4\u5219\u8868\u793abeinan\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\/usr\/sbin\u548c\/sbin\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46fdisk \u7a0b\u5e8f\u9664\u5916\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;-l &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165beinan\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>User&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;may&nbsp;run&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;commands&nbsp;on&nbsp;this&nbsp;host: &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>(root)&nbsp;\/usr\/sbin\/* &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>(root)&nbsp;\/sbin\/* &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>(root)&nbsp;!\/sbin\/fdisk &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;-l &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Sorry,&nbsp;user&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;allowed&nbsp;to&nbsp;execute&nbsp;&#8216;\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;-l&#8217;&nbsp;as&nbsp;root&nbsp;on&nbsp;localhost.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884cfdisk&nbsp;\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n                \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e03\uff1a\u522b\u540d\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673alocalhost\uff0c\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7hostname \u6765\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d\u4e86\uff0c\u7528ALL\u6765\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u6709beinan\u3001linuxsir\u3001lanhaitun \u7528\u6237\uff1b\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff1bsudo\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u628a\u8bf4\u7684\u660e\u767d\u7684\u786e\u662f\u4ef6\u96be\u4e8b\uff1b\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u591a\u770b\u4f8b\u5b50\u548cman soduers \uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SYSADER<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">beinan<\/span><span>,linuxsir,%beinan&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">DISKADER<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">lanhaitun<\/span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">OP<\/span><span>=<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">root<\/span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">SYDCMD<\/span><span>=\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod,\/usr\/sbin\/adduser,\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;[A-Za-z]*,!\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">DSKCMD<\/span><span>=\/sbin\/parted,\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540dDSKCMD\uff0c\u4e0b\u6709\u6210\u5458parted\u548cfdisk&nbsp;\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>SYSADER&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">SYDCMD<\/span><span>,DSKCMD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>DISKADER&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL=(OP)&nbsp;&nbsp; DSKCMD<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#0000ff\"><strong>\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u522b\u540dSYSADER \u4e0b\u6709\u6210\u5458 beinan\u3001linuxsir\u548cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u524d\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0%\u53f7\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u522b\u540d DISKADER \uff0c\u6210\u5458\u6709lanhaitun<br \/>\n                <strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49Runas\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7528\u6237\u7684\u522b\u540d\u4e3aOP\uff0c\u4e0b\u6709\u6210\u5458root<br \/>\n                <strong>\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49SYSCMD\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528,\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7684!\/usr\/bin\/passwd root \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7passwd \u6765\u66f4\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong>\u7b2c\u4e94\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u547d\u4ee4\u522b\u540dDSKCMD\uff0c\u4e0b\u6709\u6210\u5458parted\u548cfdisk \uff1b<br \/>\n                <strong>\u7b2c\u516d\u884c\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u6388\u6743SYSADER\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u7981\u6b62 SYDCMD\u548cDSKCMD\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u786e\u9065\u8bf4\uff0cbeinan\u3001linuxsir\u548cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u80fd\u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c chown \u3001chmod \u3001adduser\u3001passwd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539root\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c parted\u548cfdisk \uff0c\u672c\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan,linuxsir,%beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod,\/usr\/sbin\/adduser,\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;[A-Za-z]*,!\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;root,\/sbin\/parted,\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e03\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>\u8868\u793a\u6388\u6743DISKADER \u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5OP\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6765\u8fd0\u884c DSKCMD \uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u8bf4 lanhaitun \u80fd\u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c parted\u548cfdisk \u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u5176\u7b49\u4ef7\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code><br \/>\n                <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>lanhaitun&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=(root)&nbsp;\/sbin\/parted,\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u4f1a\u8bf4\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u5e76\u8fd0\u884cSYDCMD\u548cDSKCMD \u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u628aNOPASSWD:\u52a0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u4e3a\u597d\uff1f\u7406\u89e3\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5427\uff0c\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>SYSADER&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute-value\">NOPASSWD<\/span><span>:&nbsp;&nbsp;SYDCMD,&nbsp;NOPASSWD:&nbsp;DSKCMD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<p>                &nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"4.5\"><strong><br \/>\n                5\u3001\/etc\/sudoers\u4e2d\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u672a\u5c3d\u4e8b\u9879\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709 NOEXEC:\u548cEXEC\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u67e5man sudoers \u4e86\u89e3\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u95e8\u6027\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002soduers\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u591a\u7b80\u5355\u5c31\u6709\u591a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8981\u591a\u96be\u5c31\u6709\u591a\u96be\uff0c\u5c31\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"3\" id=\"4.6\"><strong><br \/>\n                6\u3001sudo\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u7684\/etc\/sudoers \u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7sudo\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5339\u914d\u548c\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66ff\u6362\u8eab\u4efd\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u5728\u5176\u6743\u9650\u4e0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8bf4\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1b\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003man sudo<\/p>\n<p>sudo [\u53c2\u6570\u9009\u9879] \u547d\u4ee4<br \/>\n                -l \u5217\u51fa\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u548c\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u4e00\u822c\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\/etc\/sudoers\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff1b<br \/>\n                -v \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884csudo \u540e\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u53e3\u4ee4\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884csudo \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u7528-v \u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1b<br \/>\n                -u \u6307\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<br \/>\n                -k \u5220\u9664\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2asudo \u547d\u4ee4\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\n                \u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7visudo \u6765\u6539\/etc\/sudoers \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>beinan,linuxsir,%beinan&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"attribute\">ALL<\/span><span>=\/bin\/chown,\/bin\/chmod,\/usr\/sbin\/adduser,\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;[A-Za-z]*,!\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;root,\/sbin\/parted,\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5217\u51fabeinan\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7sudo \u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u6240\u80fd\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;-l&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6216\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>User&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;may&nbsp;run&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;commands&nbsp;on&nbsp;this&nbsp;host: &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/bin\/chown&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u7528chown\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/bin\/chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/usr\/sbin\/adduser&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u7528adduser\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;&nbsp;[A-Za-z]*&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u7528&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;!\/usr\/bin\/passwd&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u6267\u884cpasswd&nbsp;root&nbsp;\u6765\u66f4\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/sbin\/parted&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230&nbsp;root\u4e0b\u6267\u884cparted&nbsp;\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(root)&nbsp;\/sbin\/fdisk&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u6267\u884c&nbsp;fdisk&nbsp;\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684sudo -l \u5217\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7chown \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6539\u53d8\/opt\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b\u4e3abeinan \uff1b<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-ld&nbsp;\/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\/opt\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;26&nbsp;root&nbsp;root&nbsp;4096&nbsp;10\u6708&nbsp;27&nbsp;10:09&nbsp;\/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5f52\u5c5eroot\u7528\u6237\u548croot\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;chown&nbsp;beinan:beinan&nbsp;\/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7chown&nbsp;\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u5c5e\u4e3b\u4e3abeinan\u7528\u6237\u548cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-ld&nbsp;\/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\/opt\u5c5e\u4e3b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;26&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;beinan&nbsp;4096&nbsp;10\u6708&nbsp;27&nbsp;10:09&nbsp;\/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53d1\u73b0beinan\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u540e\u6267\u884c\u6539\u53d8\u7528\u6237\u53e3\u4ee4\u7684passwd\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u4f46\u4e0a\u9762\u7684sudo -l \u8f93\u51fa\u53c8\u660e\u6587\u5199\u7740\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539root\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u9664\u4e86root\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff0cbeinan\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\u90fd\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u66f4\u6539\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6362\u5230root\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709linuxsir\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237, \u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66f4\u6539\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"codeblock\"><code>                 <\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"codeText\">\n<div class=\"codeHead\">XML\/HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/div>\n<ol class=\"dp-xml\">\n<li class=\"alt\"><span><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;linuxsir&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7sudo&nbsp;\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884cpasswd&nbsp;\u6765\u66f4\u6539linuxsir\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>passwd:&nbsp;Only&nbsp;root&nbsp;can&nbsp;specify&nbsp;a&nbsp;user&nbsp;name.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u4ec5\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7&nbsp;root\u6765\u66f4\u6539\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>[beinan@localhost&nbsp;~]$&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;linuxsir&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\/etc\/sudoers&nbsp;\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8ba9beinan\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u4e0b\u6267\u884c&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6539\u53d8linuxsir\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Changing&nbsp;password&nbsp;for&nbsp;user&nbsp;linuxsir.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>New&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;password:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u53e3\u4ee4\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"\"><span>Retype&nbsp;new&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;password:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u518d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u6b21\uff1b &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"alt\"><span>passwd:&nbsp;all&nbsp;authentication&nbsp;tokens&nbsp;updated&nbsp;successfully.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\uff1a\u6539\u53d8\u6210\u529f\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"5\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u540e\u8bb0\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6211\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u660e\u5929\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 useradd\u3001userdel\u3001usermod \uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5199\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u8be2\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"6\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u6863\u662f\u6211\u5199\u7684\u6700\u8d39\u529b\u6c14\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5199\u7684\u6211\u90fd\u6015\u4e86\uff1b\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u4e48\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u770b\u7684\u592a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u524d\u524d\u540e\u540e\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u90fd\u4e0d\u6b62\uff1b\u6bcf\u5929\u575a\u6301\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u5b57\uff0c\u4e00\u770b\u4e0d\u592a\u884c\u5c31\u5220\u9664\u91cd\u5199\u3002\u5f97\u5199\u6b21\u6570\u4e0d\u4e0b\u5341\u6b21\u3002\u6539\u4e86\u53c8\u5199\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u53c8\u6539\uff0c\u4eba\u90fd\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u662f\u5c3d\u5934\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u6863\u8fd8\u5f97\u6539\uff1b\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u80fd\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u9700\u8981\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53cd\u9988\u4e00\u70b9\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u9ad8\u624b\u7684\u6307\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u66f4\u6b22\u8fce\u4e86\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"7\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u81f4\u8c22\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u8c22pandonny\u5144\u5f1f\u6709\u5173sudo\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u8bba\u63f4\u52a9\uff1b<br \/>\n                \u611f\u8c22etony \u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae\uff1b<br \/>\n                \u611f\u8c22\u61d2\u732b\u5144\u5f1f\u4fee\u6b63\u6587\u6863\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b<br \/>\n                \u611f\u8c22Arch \u4fee\u6b63\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8esudo \u6388\u6743\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u5173passwd \u7684\u4fee\u6b63\uff1b<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\" id=\"8\"><strong><br \/>\n                \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\uff1a<br \/>\n                <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>su\u3001sudo\u3001sudoers \u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"4\"><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/91\">\u300aLinux \u7528\u6237\uff08user\uff09\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u7ba1\u7406\u6982\u8ff0\u300b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/98\">\u300a\u7528\u6237\uff08user\uff09\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3\u300b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/105\">\u300aLinux \u7528\u6237\uff08User\uff09\u67e5\u8be2\u7bc7\u300b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/106\">\u300aLinux \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/104\">\u300aLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u300b<\/a><br \/>\n                <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsir.org\/main\/?q=node\/109\">\u300a\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6279\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u300b<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/strong> \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u80dc\u4efb\u8005\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u5e76\u4e14\u8fbe\u5230\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u64c5\uff0c\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002 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&raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[9,10],"views":11719,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inbreak.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}